android 隱式intent ContentProvider與隱式Intent獲取手機聯系人通訊錄信息或電話的方法－IT工程師數位筆記本

文章出處

1. 用隱式Intent獲取聯系人

第一步、在需要讀取或者修改聯系人信息的前要在manifests文件下聲明讀寫權限，否則在后續的調用中會出錯

第二步采用ACTION_PICK為動作聲明一個隱式Intent。

bt_main_button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_main_button);bt_main_button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI); //聲明隱式Intent，從聯系人中獲取一個返回信息startActivityForResult(i,RESULT_CANCELED);}});

第三步、在onActivityResult中獲取返回的URI，該URI是指向用戶所選的聯系人的定位符，通過該URI可以查詢聯系人數據庫從而提取出聯系人id與姓名。而通過聯系人id可以進一步在數據庫中提取出聯系人的電話。其中聯系人名字和id要在ContactsContract.Contacts中獲取，而電話則ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone中獲取。

@Overrideprotected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {if (requestCode == RESULT_CANCELED){Uri contactUri = data.getData(); //該數據URI是一個指向用戶所選聯系人的定位符Cursor c =getContentResolver().query(contactUri, null, null, null, null); //查詢聯系人數據庫，獲得一個可用的Cursorif(c.moveToFirst()) { //將Cursor移動到第一條記錄String suspect = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME)); //通過Cursor c獲得聯系人名字String id = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));//通過Cursor c獲得聯系人idCursor c2 =getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, null,ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID + "=" + id, null, null);//在ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI里，// 通過上面獲得的聯系人id獲得一個新的Cursor c2c2.moveToFirst();String phonenum = c2.getString(c2.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER)); //通過Cursor c2獲得聯系人電//給控件賦值tv_main_view.setText(suspect+" "+phonenum);c2.close(); //關閉Cursor c2c.close(); //關閉Cursor c}}}

2. 通過ContentProvider得到手機上所有聯系人的信息

第一步在manifests文件下聲明讀寫權限與隱式intent一樣的

第二步得到內容訪問者

ContentResolver cr=getContentResolver();

第三步得到手機中所有的聯系人的信息并展示在listview中并得到你選中的聯系人信息展示在Testview中

List namelist=new ArrayList<>();List tellist=new ArrayList<>();//ContentProvider得到所有聯系的信息public void getContacts(View view){//獲取聯系人Uri uri=Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts");Cursor cursor= cr.query(uri,null,null,null,null);while(cursor.moveToNext()){//得到聯系人是idint id=cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id"));String name=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("display_name"));// Log.i("text", "getContacts: "+id+name);//獲取相對應的聯系人的數據(電話號碼)Uri uriData=Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts/"+id+"/data");Cursor cursorData=cr.query(uriData,null,null,null,null);while (cursorData.moveToNext()){String data1=cursorData.getString(cursorData.getColumnIndex("data1"));//int type=cursorData.getInt(cursorData.getColumnIndex("mimetype_id"));//得到數據的類型(郵件地址，電話號碼等等)這里我們只需得到電話號碼String type=cursorData.getString(cursorData.getColumnIndex("mimetype"));if("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2".equals(type)){namelist.add(name);tellist.add(data1);}}}List> date=new ArrayList<>();for (int i = 0; i map=new HashMap<>();map.put("name",namelist.get(i));map.put("tel",tellist.get(i));date.add(map);}SimpleAdapter adpater=new SimpleAdapter(this,date,R.layout.item_list,new String[]{"name","tel"},new int[]{R.id.tv_list_name,R.id.tv_list_apont} );lv_main_view.setAdapter(adpater);lv_main_view.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View view, int position, long id) {tv_main_view.setText(namelist.get(position)+" "+tellist.get(position));}});}

兩種方式結合源代碼：

java代碼：

import android.content.ContentResolver;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.net.Uri;

import android.provider.ContactsContract;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.View;

import android.database.Cursor;

import android.widget.Adapter;

import android.widget.AdapterView;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.ListView;

import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private ContentResolver cr;

List namelist=new ArrayList<>();

List tellist=new ArrayList<>();

private ListView lv_main_view;

private TextView tv_main_view;

private Button bt_main_button;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

lv_main_view = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv_main_view);

tv_main_view = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_main_view);

bt_main_button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_main_button);

bt_main_button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI); //聲明隱式Intent，從聯系人中獲取一個返回信息startActivityForResult(i,RESULT_CANCELED);}});cr = getContentResolver();}@Overrideprotected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {if (requestCode == RESULT_CANCELED){Uri contactUri = data.getData(); //該數據URI是一個指向用戶所選聯系人的

定位符

Cursor c =getContentResolver().query(contactUri, null, null, null, null); //查詢聯

系人數據庫，獲得一個可用的Cursor

if(c.moveToFirst()) { //將Cursor移動到第一條記錄String suspect = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME)); //通過Cursor c獲得聯系人名字String id = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));//通過Cursor c獲得聯系人idCursor c2 =getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, null,ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID + "=" + id, null, null);//在ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI里，// 通過上面獲得的聯系人id獲得一個新的Cursor c2c2.moveToFirst();String phonenum = c2.getString(c2.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER)); //通過Cursor c2獲得聯系人電//給控件賦值tv_main_view.setText(suspect+" "+phonenum);c2.close(); //關閉Cursor c2c.close(); //關閉Cursor c}}}public void getContacts(View view){//獲取聯系人Uri uri=Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts");Cursor cursor= cr.query(uri,null,null,null,null);while(cursor.moveToNext()){//得到聯系人是idint id=cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id"));String name=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("display_name"));// Log.i("text", "getContacts: "+id+name);//獲取相對應的聯系人的數據(電話號碼)Uri uriData=Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts/"+id+"/data");Cursor cursorData=cr.query(uriData,null,null,null,null);while (cursorData.moveToNext()){String data1=cursorData.getString(cursorData.getColumnIndex("data1"));//int type=cursorData.getInt(cursorData.getColumnIndex("mimetype_id"));//得到數據的類型(郵件地址，電話號碼等等)這里我們只需得到電話號碼String type=cursorData.getString(cursorData.getColumnIndex("mimetype"));if("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2".equals(type)){namelist.add(name);tellist.add(data1);}}}List> date=new ArrayList<>();for (int i = 0; i map=new HashMap<>();map.put("name",namelist.get(i));map.put("tel",tellist.get(i));date.add(map);}SimpleAdapter adpater=new SimpleAdapter(this,date,R.layout.item_list,new String[]{"name","tel"},new int[]{R.id.tv_list_name,R.id.tv_list_apont} );lv_main_view.setAdapter(adpater);lv_main_view.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View view, int position, long id) {tv_main_view.setText(namelist.get(position)+" "+tellist.get(position));}});}

xml代碼：

真機效果圖：