如果一臺電腦同時連接多個打印機,而且每個打印機使用的紙張大小各不相同(比如:票據打印錢用的小票專用張,辦公打印機用的是A4標準紙),在處理打印類的需求時,如果不用代碼干預,用戶必須每次打印時,都必須在彈出窗口里,手動選擇打印機(還有可能需要設置紙張類型),這樣用起來會比較煩。
幸好,.Net提供了“二”個很有用的類:PrintDialog(打印機設置對話框)、PageSetupDialog(頁面設置對話框) (注:之所以給“二”加引號,是因為"打印機設置"其實已經完全包含了“頁面設置”的所有功能,而且“ PageSetupDialog”類在實際使用中發現還有一個容易誤導的地方)
一、打印機設置(PrintDialog)
示例代碼:
using System; using System.Drawing.Printing; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace PrintDemo { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } private void btnPrintSet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { PrintDialog dlg = new PrintDialog(); if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { ShowInfo(dlg.PrinterSettings); } } private void ShowInfo(PrinterSettings printSettings) { var pageSettings = printSettings.DefaultPageSettings; var pageSize = pageSettings.PaperSize; label1.Text = string.Format("打印機:{1}{0}紙張類型:{2}{0}紙張大小:{3}cm * {4}cm{0}紙張布局:{5}", Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine, printSettings.PrinterName, pageSize.PaperName, InchToCm(pageSize.Width / 100.0M).ToString("F2"), InchToCm(pageSize.Height / 100.0M).ToString("F2"), pageSettings.Landscape ? "橫向" : "縱向"); } const decimal K = 2.54M; private decimal InchToCm(decimal inch) { return inch * K; } private decimal CmToInch(decimal cm) { return cm / K; } } }
"打印機設置"對話框的截圖如下:
"打印機設置"對話框調用完成后,可以取回一些有用的信息,下面是一些關鍵信息的展示截圖:
可以看到,打印機設置界面里,已經包含了關于紙張尺寸、紙張布局(縱向、橫向)的設置,所以在我看來,系統沒有必要再單獨提供"頁面設置(PageSetupDialog)"
二、頁面設置(PageSetupDialog)
示例代碼:(在剛才的代碼基礎上加點東西)
using System; using System.Drawing.Printing; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace PrintDemo { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } /// <summary> /// 打印機設置 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void btnPrintSet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { PrintDialog dlg = new PrintDialog(); if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { ShowInfo(dlg.PrinterSettings); } } /// <summary> /// 頁面設置 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void btnPageSet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { PageSetupDialog dlg = new PageSetupDialog(); dlg.PageSettings = new PageSettings(); if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { ShowInfo(dlg.PageSettings); } } private void ShowInfo(PrinterSettings printSettings) { var pageSettings = printSettings.DefaultPageSettings; var pageSize = pageSettings.PaperSize; label1.Text = string.Format("打印機:{1}{0}紙張類型:{2}{0}紙張大小:{3}cm * {4}cm{0}紙張布局:{5}", Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine, printSettings.PrinterName, pageSize.PaperName, HundredthsInchToCM(pageSize.Width).ToString("F1"), HundredthsInchToCM(pageSize.Height).ToString("F1"), pageSettings.Landscape ? "橫向" : "縱向"); } private void ShowInfo(PageSettings pageSettings) { var pageSize = pageSettings.PaperSize; label1.Text = string.Format("紙張類型:{1}{0}紙張大小:{2}cm * {3}cm{0}紙張布局:{4}{0}頁邊距:{5}", Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine, pageSize.PaperName, HundredthsInchToCM(pageSize.Width).ToString("F1"), HundredthsInchToCM(pageSize.Height).ToString("F1"), pageSettings.Landscape ? "橫向" : "縱向", MarginToString(pageSettings.Margins)); } private string MarginToString(Margins margins) { return string.Format("左:{0}mm,上:{1}mm,右:{2}mm,下:{3}mm", HundredthsInchToMM(margins.Left), HundredthsInchToMM(margins.Top), HundredthsInchToMM(margins.Right), HundredthsInchToMM(margins.Bottom)); } const decimal K = 2.54M; /// <summary> /// (百分之一)英寸制,轉毫米 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> private int HundredthsInchToMM(decimal d) { return (int)Math.Round((d / 100.00M) * K * 10); } /// <summary> /// (百分之一)英寸制,轉厘米 /// </summary> private decimal HundredthsInchToCM(decimal d) { return (d / 100.00M) * K; } } }
這里有一個坑爹的地方,不管你如何選擇Pager Size,最后返回的PageSettings里,PageSize 始終是A4紙的大小(如下圖),這也是我強烈推薦大家盡量避免使用PageSettings的理由
還有一個問題,如何在彈出這二個對話框時,默認就選中一些特定的值呢?這個容易,參見下面的代碼:
/// <summary> /// 打印機設置 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void btnPrintSet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { PrintDialog dlg = new PrintDialog(); dlg.PrinterSettings = new PrinterSettings() { PrinterName = "pdfFactory Pro" }; if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { ShowInfo(dlg.PrinterSettings); } }
這樣,在彈出打印機設置界面時,就默認選中了"pdfFactory Pro"打印機(當然,這個名字必須確實是你本機安裝的打印機之一,如果這個打印機名字不存在,系統仍將選中默認打印機)
/// <summary> /// 頁面設置 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void btnPageSet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { PageSetupDialog dlg = new PageSetupDialog(); dlg.PageSettings = new PageSettings() { PaperSize = new PaperSize() { PaperName = "A5",//其實這里不管設置什么名稱,都沒啥用 //一旦設置初始尺寸大小后,在頁面設置對話框里,不管選什么紙張Size, //對話框關閉時,返回值的PageSize里,始終就是這個大小,不會隨用戶選擇而改變 Height = 827, Width = 583 }, Landscape = false, Margins = new Margins() { Left = 10, Top = 20, Bottom = 30, Right = 40 } }; if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { ShowInfo(dlg.PageSettings); } }
這樣,頁面設置對話框彈出時,就默認選中了布局方向為“縱向”,同時設置了邊距,而且紙張大小為A5的大小(注意:PageSize的設置,在界面上看不出效果,但是關閉對話框后,返回值的PageSize里會起作用)
三、RDLC報表用代碼指定打印機、紙張大小、打印份數
rdlc報表的預覽控制ReportViewer里,已經對外暴露了PrinterSettings屬性
// // Summary: // Gets or sets a System.Drawing.Printing.PrinterSettings object that contains // the settings for the default printer and print options that are used to initialize // the Print dialog and the printer's Preferences dialog. // // Returns: // A System.Drawing.Printing.PrinterSettings object. [DesignerSerializationVisibility(DesignerSerializationVisibility.Hidden)] [Browsable(false)] public PrinterSettings PrinterSettings { get; set; }
以及PageSettings的set/get方法
// // Summary: // Returns the page settings that are used to print the current report in the // ReportViewer control or display it in print layout mode. // // Returns: // A System.Drawing.Printing.PageSettings object that contains the page settings // that are used to print the current report in the ReportViewer control or // display it in print layout mode, or null if the ReportViewer control has // not yet processed a report. public PageSettings GetPageSettings();
// // Summary: // Sets the page settings that are used to print the current report in the ReportViewer // control or display it in print layout mode. // // Parameters: // pageSettings: // A System.Drawing.Printing.PageSettings object that contains the new page // settings.This parameter must not be null. public void SetPageSettings(PageSettings pageSettings);
利用這些信息,就足夠控制RDLC的打印機和紙張大小了,比如要指定某臺打印機打印,可以這么做:
this.reportViewer1.PrinterSettings = new PrinterSettings() { PrinterName = "pdfFactory Pro" };
要指定RDLC打印時,采用特定的紙張大小,可以參考下面的代碼:
var pageSettings = this.reportViewer1.GetPageSettings(); pageSettings.PaperSize = new PaperSize() { Height = 100, Width = 50 }; pageSettings.Landscape = true; this.reportViewer1.SetPageSettings(pageSettings);
打印份數的控制很簡單:PrinterSettings類有一個Copies屬性,直接給它賦值一個short型數字就行了
最后再回到本文最開頭提出的問題,知道如何用代碼影響打印機、紙張大小后,最后可以將PageSettings以及PrinterSettings中的關鍵信息,持久化存儲起來(比如:用xml或DB),下次再進入該業務界面時,根據存儲的配置信息還原相關的設置,這樣用戶只要設置一次,以后就不用每次手動切換打印機或紙張類型了。
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