IT工程師數位筆記本

導出Oracle數據的指令：exp jds/jds@192.168.99.199/orcl file=C:\jds.dmp owner=jds
導入Oracle數據的指令：imp zcl/zcl@127.0.0.1:1521/orcl file=C:\jds.dmp full=y

--第1步：創建臨時表空間
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE User_Temp TEMPFILE 'E:\OrclData\DataTemp\User_Temp.dbf' SIZE 50m AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 50m MAXSIZE 20480m EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;

--第2步：創建表空間語句(創建表空間名稱：User_Data;創建位置：E:\OrclData\DataSpace\User_Data.dbf 初始大小：50m;按50M大小自動增長，最大20480M)
CREATE TABLESPACE User_Data DATAFILE 'E:\OrclData\DataSpace\User_Data.dbf'SIZE 50m AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 50m MAXSIZE 20480m EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;

--第3步：創建表空間內的用戶(創建用戶名和密碼 用戶名：zcl 密碼：zcl;默認的表空間位置：User_Data)
CREATE USER zcl IDENTIFIED BY zcl DEFAULT TABLESPACE User_Data TEMPORARY TABLESPACE User_Temp;

--第4步：給用戶授予權限(賦予用戶zcl權限：連接權限，修改權限，最高權限)
GRANT CONNECT,RESOURCE,DBA TO zcl;

---單個執行語句---

--dba賬戶登錄
sqlplus

請輸入用戶名：SysDba as sysdba
請輸入口令：123456

--創建賬號
create user zcl identified  by zcl;

--創建臨時表空間
create temporary tablespace DATA_TEMP
tempfile 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\DATA_TEMP.dbf'
size 32m
autoextend on
next 32m maxsize 2048m
extent management local;

--將臨時表空間分配給用戶
alter user zcl temporary tablespace zcl;

--創建表空間
create tablespace TECHRPT_DATA 
logging  
datafile 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TECHRPT_DATA.ora' 
size 50m  
autoextend on  
next 50m maxsize 2048m  
extent management local; 

--將表空間分配給用戶
alter user zcl default tablespace zcl;

--授權
grant dba to zcl;
grant connect,resource to zcl;--提交
commit;

--退出
quit;

--刪除用戶
drop user zcl cascade;

--刪除表空間
drop tablespace TECHRPT_DATA including contents and datafiles; 

--修改密碼 
alter user system identified by system;

--1、查看表空間的名稱及大小 
SELECT t.tablespace_name, round(SUM(bytes / (1024 * 1024)), 0) ts_size 
FROM dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d 
WHERE t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name 
GROUP BY t.tablespace_name; 
--2、查看表空間物理文件的名稱及大小 
SELECT tablespace_name, 
file_id, 
file_name, 
round(bytes / (1024 * 1024), 0) total_space 
FROM dba_data_files 
ORDER BY tablespace_name; 
--3、查看回滾段名稱及大小 
SELECT segment_name, 
tablespace_name, 
r.status, 
(initial_extent / 1024) initialextent, 
(next_extent / 1024) nextextent, 
max_extents, 
v.curext curextent 
FROM dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v 
WHERE r.segment_id = v.usn(+) 
ORDER BY segment_name; 
--4、查看控制文件 
SELECT NAME FROM v$controlfile; 
--5、查看日志文件 
SELECT MEMBER FROM v$logfile; 
--6、查看表空間的使用情況 
SELECT SUM(bytes) / (1024 * 1024) AS free_space, tablespace_name 
FROM dba_free_space 
GROUP BY tablespace_name; 
SELECT a.tablespace_name, 
a.bytes total, 
b.bytes used, 
c.bytes free, 
(b.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% USED ", 
(c.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% FREE " 
FROM sys.sm$ts_avail a, sys.sm$ts_used b, sys.sm$ts_free c 
WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name 
AND a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name; 
--7、查看數據庫庫對象 
SELECT owner, object_type, status, COUNT(*) count# 
FROM all_objects 
GROUP BY owner, object_type, status; 
--8、查看數據庫的版本　 
SELECT version 
FROM product_component_version 
WHERE substr(product, 1, 6) = 'Oracle'; 
--9、查看數據庫的創建日期和歸檔方式 
SELECT created, log_mode, log_mode FROM v$database; 
--10、綜合查詢
--1G=1024MB 
--1M=1024KB 
--1K=1024Bytes 
--1M=11048576Bytes 
--1G=1024*11048576Bytes=11313741824Bytes 
SELECT a.tablespace_name "表空間名", 
total "表空間大小", 
free "表空間剩余大小", 
(total - free) "表空間使用大小", 
total / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空間大小(G)", 
free / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空間剩余大小(G)", 
(total - free) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空間使用大小(G)", 
round((total - free) / total, 4) * 100 "使用率 %" 
FROM (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) free 
FROM dba_free_space 
GROUP BY tablespace_name) a, 
(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) total 
FROM dba_data_files 
GROUP BY tablespace_name) b 
WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name 

select username,default_tablespace from dba_users  where username='ZCL';